Diabetes Type 2 Management - Diabetes 2 Cure

The type 2 diabetes is the most universal type of diabetes in the United States and it affects between 15-20 million folks. The type 2 diabetes is usually referred to as "non-insulin dependant diabetes" or "adult onset diabetes" because it comes on later in life due to dietary choices and way of life rather than genetic conditions. Insulin is in charge for regulating blood sugar and energy levels, but when someone ingests a diet high in sugar then their body can become insulin resistant, which is how this condition develops.Once your body becomes insulin resistant, then the levels of blood-sugar or glucose will rise and the body cannot process them as normal, which can in the long run cause rigorous health problems.



The type 2 diabetes is avoidable, but the issue is that many people wait until it is too late to take the bull by the horns.Let me tell you that the best prevention for diabetes 2 is a hale and hearty diet and steady work out. Reducing the amount of sugar consumed, at the same time increasing fruits, vegetables, and fibrous foods will have the utmost effect. Exercising several times per week will as well help the body metabolize blood sugar and normalize the energy levels effectively.



The moment a person has been diagnosed with diabetes, then they are compelled to deal with the condition.On the other hand, some of the symptoms and complications related to diabetes type 2 can be lessened or removed entirely. The same rules that apply for prevention also apply for treating it. Eating a hale and hearty diet and getting an adequate amount of exercise are the two most vital things that you can carry out to trim down your diabetes symptoms. Also for many people, this will be the only treatment needed, while for some people more well-organized treatments might be in order.



Part of the requirements for managing blood sugar is by getting steady blood sugar readings via a portable device.It simply means regular finger pricks to ensure that blood glucose levels are not too high.For that reason, managing blood sugar levels becomes a daily chore. Apart from exercise and diet, there are other natures of insulin therapy that utilize medications, either administered orally or via injection. There are various forms of prescription medications used as cures for type 2 diabetes. Some reduce blood glucose by limiting the amount produced by the liver, some increase the amount of insulin produced, while others work to make your body more sensitive to insulin in the hope that it will return to a usual sensitivity level.



The problem with oral medications is that the enzymes in the stomach break down some of the drugs. In these cases, type 2 diabetes victims might be compelled to get steady insulin injections, which you know is not fun at all, but can help ease the symptoms. Someone might even be forced to carry around an insulin machine that disperses insulin without human intervention based on a doctor's recommendation. Though none of these medications are complete cures for diabetes type 2 but they can help the body go back to more normal levels. Sooner or later, the body might become less resistant to insulin, which means that you are likely to reduce the medications or injections.



The major thing to do if you are to manage your diabetes is to keep a close eye on your blood sugar levels so that you can identify which foods and medicines cause a spike. The moment you identified these items, you can do away with them from your diet and find other medicines that won't interfere with your diabetes injections and medications. Also enough exercise is needed and eat a healthy diet and you will be well on your way to managing your diabetes. The goal is to prevent the need for injections for the duration of your life and ensure that your body sees as little effects from diabetes as possible.



I will end this piece of writing by saying that natural diabetes cure has been the only way to reverse diabetes and the good thing about it is that it has no side effect unlike medication. So, you should think about curing diabetes naturally.

Hypoglycemia-low blood sugar symptoms management

Hypoglycemia is a disorder of the metabolic glucose level where the person? s blood glucose is reduced from the standard requirements. Also involves symptoms such as increased insulin production in the pancreas and blood sugar drop. Even a healthy person who has a sufficient intake of carbohydrates in your diet is likely to have symptoms of low blood glucose if he indulges too much physical activity that drain the blood sugar content. Traditional therapies as well as natural can be incorporated to treat hypoglycemia.



Symptoms of hypoglycemia



Typical symptoms include headache, irritability, anxiety, sweating, heart palpitations, mental confusion, any absence resulting from a low blood glucose level.



What to do when you have hypoglycemia



You can find a cure for this problem with different mediums.



Carbohydrates-carbohydrates which is the main source of sugar and glucose is readily available in milk, corn syrup, honey, sugar and fruit and is also easily digested and absorbed quickly into the bloodstream. This raises the level of glucose in the blood. High sugar content drinks such as soft drinks and fruit juices can help treat hypoglycemia.



Eat frequently-it is advisable always to eat small meals more frequently. One can have about seven or eight small meals per day. Drink milk or juice in the middle would be beneficial to the hypoglycemic person.



Vitamins-those who have symptoms of low blood glucose would be well advised to consume foods that are rich in vitamins, especially vitamin C, E and B-complex. This translates into an increase in the body? s glucose levels and increases the metabolism of sugars. The storage capacity of the body's glycogen is promoted by the consumption of vitamin E and B6 containing foods. Intake of these foods will help your muscles store more glycogen.



What are the foods to avoid for people with hypoglycemia?



One must be careful to avoid all drinks containing alcohol, caffeine, carbonated drinks, white sugar, white flour and processed foods. Common salt intake should be reduced as well as increase the results in common salt in the fall of blood potassium which in turn leads to a further fall in blood glucose levels.



Body cleansing for hypoglycemic people



For any program of prevention and treatment the body cleansing is essential. Internal organs contain a lot of toxins as fegate stones and parasites must be allayed. Bowel cleansing should be done regularly. You can use herbs to help with the kidney cleanse. Water cure is the best remedy. Drink plenty of water every day.



Physical activity



Physical activity brings about a balance in the metabolism and relieves the hypoglycemia. Find some exercise that suits your lifestyle and personal preference. Could be as simple as walking, jogging and swimming for meditation, yoga, aerobics and dance. Just take note of stress your body too. Do not apply to full stomach. The most useful method to purify your body is through sweating. Go for a sauna, drink hot tea and eat cayenne pepper as toxins leave the body through the sweat glands.



To summarize



Hypoglycemia is a condition of low levels of glucose in the blood and can be cured by increasing your intake of sugars and elimination of body toxins.

Diabetes Mellitus - Prevention and Risk Management

Diabetes Mellitus, or diabetes, is a disease that is caused by the body's inability to turn sugars into energy. Diabetes causes the sugars that your body does not turn into energy to enter your blood stream and causes your kidneys, which filter the blood, to work harder than is necessary. If your kidneys cannot properly filter the sugars from your blood, the result is more frequent urination, dehydration, and loss of energy.



Diabetes Mellitus is diagnosed when your body's fasting blood glucose level (amount of sugar in the blood) reaches 126 milligrams/deciliter. You can be diagnosed as having different stages of diabetes mellitus. One diagnosis is pre-diabetes. You are diagnosed with pre-diabetes if your blood glucose levels are higher than is normal when tested, but you are not yet experiencing the symptoms of diabetes. People who are diagnosed with pre-diabetes are at higher risk of developing type-2 diabetes at a later time, and are at a higher risk for heart disease and stroke.



If you are diagnosed with pre-diabetes, your physician will suggest changes in your lifestyle in order to offset the risk of developing type-2 diabetes. This will include eating a healthy diet and getting regular exercise.



Diabetes Mellitus - Metabolism Disease



Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease - caused when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. Insulin is the natural hormone in your body that helps turn sugars into energy by moving these sugars from the blood stream to the muscle, fat, and liver cells. The muscle, fat, and liver cells then use the sugars as fuel for your body. Your body needs a certain level of energy to enable your internal organs to function properly. Your body also needs energy to perform the daily activities involved in leading a normal life.



If your body does not produce enough energy for your internal organs to function and for you to perform activities, you have a low metabolism - and you can often be tired, irritable, and experience bouts of fatigue. If your body produces more energy than you are using, you have a high metabolism and may be restless, fidgety, and experience bouts of hyperactivity.



Other Risks Involved With Diabetes Mellitus



There are other health risks involved with diabetes mellitus. The risk of heart disease and strokes is increased in patients who have been diagnosed with diabetes and other risk factors, such as high blood pressure, obesity, abnormal cholesterol, and high triglycerides. The more factors involved, the more your chance of dying from heart disease or stroke increases.



The Importance of Preventive Measures in Diabetes Mellitus



Although diabetes mellitus is a controllable disease, the combination of diabetes and other risk factors decreases your chance of living a normal life span. It is very important that you take steps before you are diagnosed with diabetes to prevent its onset or to delay the onset as long as possible.



The single most important step you can take in the prevention of diabetes is to live a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle includes many different aspects of your life. Eating a healthy diet is essential to helping your body to perform its normal tasks as naturally as possible. A regular exercise routine is essential to maintaining a healthy weight and in keeping your muscles toned, which allows your muscles to assist your internal organs in performing their tasks. Avoiding stress, or learning how to deal with stress in a healthy manner, helps your brain and nervous system to work with other parts of your body to perform the tasks needed to sustain life.



It is important that you realize how your body works together - and how the things that you do on a daily basis can prevent your body from performing the tasks necessary. Beginning a healthy lifestyle as early as possible gives you the best chance to avoid the risks associated with diabetes mellitus - and decreases the chances of the other factors that may come into play - thereby decreasing your risks of more serious diseases such as heart disease and stroke. Both your physical condition and your mental condition play an important role in your overall health.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus-symptoms, treatment and management

"Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that causes the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas". OK, now that the terminology is out of the way, lets take a look at this deadly disease.



What are some of the symptoms?



Type 1 diabetes has the same symptoms of diabetes type 2. That is why it is sometimes confused with type 2. They are:



* Increased Thirst * frequent urination * hunger of increasing * blurred vision * tiredness/fatigue * weight loss



So what's the difference between type 1 and type 2? With diabetes mellitus type 1, little or no insulin is produced by the pancreas (the hormone needed to convert sugar into energy.) The only way to replace it is from insulin injections.



With type 2 diabetes, the body is resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough to convert sugar into energy.



How to test for diabetes type 1?



Doctors test for type 1 diabetes using the dosage of C-peptide (measures the body's production of insulin).



How do you treat diabetes mellitus type 1?



Treatment includes not only insulin injections and blood sugar control, but eating right and regular exercise. Pancreas transplantation is the only cure known potential for those with type 1 diabetes.



How can I manage my diabetes?



* Schedule an annual physical * keep an eye on your feet for sores/regular examinations timetable is infections * maintain blood pressure * maintain healthy teeth. Brush at least twice a day will keep your up-to-date vaccinations (flu like) * maintain low cholesterol



Diabetes mellitus type 1 most often begins in infancy (otherwise known as "juvenile diabetes.") But in reality it can develop at any age, even in adulthood.

What Is Gestational Diabetes? Causes, Symptoms and Management Tips

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that is common to mostly pregnant women. Affecting about 4% of pregnant women in America, diabetes can lead to serious complications if left untreated. The good news is Gestational diabetes is a management condition if one receives the right treatment. And usually go away after the child is delivered.



Gestational diabetes occurs when the mother cannot produce the required insulin needed to support her pregnancy. The main causes of this type of diabetes are still unclear to doctors. What we know is that the hormones that are presented in the mother's placenta, which help the baby to develop, can sometimes cause insulin resistance within the mother. This means that insulin production would be an issue for the mother. Extreme cases of women with this condition would require triple the dosage of insulin to keep the blood sugar level in check.



Although this condition is still not fully understood, studies have found some risk factors that could increase the chances of one developing gestational diabetes. These risk factors include genetics and family history, obesity, age 25 or older have increased chances, pre-diabetes diagnosis, aka impaired glucose tolerance and race factor. Researches have found that most races except Caucasian have higher chances. It is still unclear as to this includes people from purely African descent, but African Americans are at risk.



The symptoms of gestational diabetes are barely noticeable, even by a doctor. Instead, doctors would determine your chances by using the risk factors analysis. This means that mothers who are identified to be high risk would be tested during the first prenatal check. Those with average risk would be tested somewhere around the 25th week of pregnancy. Those with low risks do not usually get checked, although it is still best to request at least one check to be done somewhere along the fourth month into your pregnancy.



The treatment for this type of diabetes mainly revolves around diet, since there are currently no hard-and-fast cures available. Mothers would have to monitor their diet closely, make proper lifestyle choices and exercise regularly. Doctors would usually provide a specific meal plan, especially if you have other complications involved. Unless your condition is serious, your doctor might advise regular sugar level monitoring and insulin administration. If not, keeping to a healthy diet and active lifestyle would be sufficient.



If this condition is not treated, it may lead to complications such as low blood glucose level during birth. The baby can also experience difficulty in breathing and jaundice, a condition where the baby's skin is yellowish due to underdeveloped liver inability to process the wasted blood cells properly. Macrosomia, a condition in which the baby is abnormally fat, usually over 10 pounds, is also common.



Leading a healthy and active lifestyle would be the best method to prevent gestational diabetes. Although you cannot do much about race and family background, you can very well prevent obesity. Obesity plays a huge part in determining the chances of developing gestational diabetes, and if you can at least remove this risk factor, there is a good 30% lesser chance of you getting this condition.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus - Symptoms, Treatment and Management

"Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results in destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas." Ok, now that the terminology is out of the way, lets take a look at this killer disease.



What are some of the symptoms?



Type 1 diabetes has some of the same symptoms as type 2 diabetes. That is why it is sometimes confused with type 2. They are:



* Increased thirst* Frequent urination* Increase hunger* Blurred vision* Tiredness/fatigue* Weight loss



So what is the difference between type 1 and type 2? With type 1 diabetes mellitus, little or no insulin is produced by the pancreas (hormone needed for converting sugar to energy.) The only way to replace it is by insulin injections.



With Type 2 diabetes, the body either resists insulin or does not produce enough to convert sugar to energy.



How do you test for type 1 diabetes?



Doctors test for type 1 diabetes using the C-peptide assay (this measures your body's production of insulin.)



How do you treat type 1 diabetes mellitus?



Treatment includes not only insulin injections and monitoring your blood sugar, but eating right and regular exercise. Pancreas transplant is the only known potential cure for those with type 1 diabetes.



How can I manage my diabetes?



* Schedule a physical yearly * Keep an eye on your feet for sores/infections* Schedule regular eye exams* Keep your blood pressure down * Keep your teeth healthy. Brush at least twice a day* Keep your immunizations up-to-date (such as flu shot)* Keep your cholesterol low



Type 1 diabetes mellitus most often starts in early childhood (otherwise known as "Juvenile diabetes.") But actually it can develop at any age, even in adulthood.

Type 1 Diabetes-Sick Day Management Support During the Stomach Flu

First let me start by saying that over the years I have learned that Type 1 Diabetes is an unpredictable disease that I knew nothing about 5 years ago. That was before my 3 year old son was diagnosed. Since then I have had numerous experiences with doctors with different opinions on how to treat my child. I guess that is why a doctor is always "practicing medicine".



My point is there comes a time when parents of Type 1 Diabetics can learn from each others experiences especially when it comes to preparing for the day when your diabetic child catches the stomach flu or other illnesses that cause high blood sugars and ketones. As everyone knows the stomach flu in normal children causes a severe onset of vomiting and diarrhea that can last several days and comes on with no notice. Since my son was diagnosed over four years ago my family and I have learned (at least 4 times) how to properly manage the stomach flu without the need for hospitalization. Just like any other emergencies you must be prepared by making sure you have all the right items on hand in case your hit with those famous words "my tummy hurts". This usually occurs at night when you are half asleep so having the following items on hand is important.



Keto sticks,Extra Insulin,Extra Syringes or insulin pump supplies, Pedialyte,Sugar and non-sugar decaf soda (only use if needed as it will cause dehydration), Glucagon, Alarm Clock, Hard candy (only if your child is old enough to eat without choking)



Now I will explain a little on why you need all that junk for the stomach flu. First things first. When the stomach flu hits vomiting occurs regularly depleting the body of a large amount of fluids. This must be replaced to avoid dehydration. In a child with Type 1 diabetes you have to be prepared to battle ketones that are brought on by the illness. Ketones are caused by high blood sugar and the absence of insulin in the body. In order to get rid of the ketones you must keep giving your child insulin even though their blood sugar will most likely be low. Don't get frustrated if you child is having a hard time keeping down liquids. If they are able to take a few sips of sugared soda or pedialyte every 20 minutes or so and keep it down for short periods this is enough to keep them hydrated and maintain a fairly good blood sugar. In my experience you will have to set an alarm every 20 minutes or so through the night to keep this up. Be sure to check blood sugars often. If the low blood sugars continue have your child suck on a piece of hard sugared candy to help maintain their blood sugar. This should only be done if you child is old enough to eat hard candy. All this will make you tired but it should keep your child out of the hospital and keep you sane.



Remember a cure is just around the corner.

What Is Gestational Diabetes? Causes, Symptoms and Management Tips

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that is common to mostly pregnant women. Affecting about 4% of pregnant women in America, diabetes can lead to serious complications if left untreated. The good news is Gestational diabetes is a management condition if one receives the right treatment. And usually go away after the child is delivered.



Gestational diabetes occurs when the mother cannot produce the required insulin needed to support her pregnancy. The main causes of this type of diabetes are still unclear to doctors. What we know is that the hormones that are presented in the mother's placenta, which help the baby to develop, can sometimes cause insulin resistance within the mother. This means that insulin production would be an issue for the mother. Extreme cases of women with this condition would require triple the dosage of insulin to keep the blood sugar level in check.



Although this condition is still not fully understood, studies have found some risk factors that could increase the chances of one developing gestational diabetes. These risk factors include genetics and family history, obesity, age 25 or older have increased chances, pre-diabetes diagnosis, aka impaired glucose tolerance and race factor. Researches have found that most races except Caucasian have higher chances. It is still unclear as to this includes people from purely African descent, but African Americans are at risk.



The symptoms of gestational diabetes are barely noticeable, even by a doctor. Instead, doctors would determine your chances by using the risk factors analysis. This means that mothers who are identified to be high risk would be tested during the first prenatal check. Those with average risk would be tested somewhere around the 25th week of pregnancy. Those with low risks do not usually get checked, although it is still best to request at least one check to be done somewhere along the fourth month into your pregnancy.



The treatment for this type of diabetes mainly revolves around diet, since there are currently no hard-and-fast cures available. Mothers would have to monitor their diet closely, make proper lifestyle choices and exercise regularly. Doctors would usually provide a specific meal plan, especially if you have other complications involved. Unless your condition is serious, your doctor might advise regular sugar level monitoring and insulin administration. If not, keeping to a healthy diet and active lifestyle would be sufficient.



If this condition is not treated, it may lead to complications such as low blood glucose level during birth. The baby can also experience difficulty in breathing and jaundice, a condition where the baby's skin is yellowish due to underdeveloped liver inability to process the wasted blood cells properly. Macrosomia, a condition in which the baby is abnormally fat, usually over 10 pounds, is also common.



Leading a healthy and active lifestyle would be the best method to prevent gestational diabetes. Although you cannot do much about race and family background, you can very well prevent obesity. Obesity plays a huge part in determining the chances of developing gestational diabetes, and if you can at least remove this risk factor, there is a good 30% lesser chance of you getting this condition.

Children With Diabetes - Causes, Symptoms and Management

Diabetes occurs in individuals of any age. More than 13,000 kids in the United States have type 1 diabetes. It is among the most common long term diseases in school age children. Obesity, lack of exercise and unhealthy eating habits are primarily the causes of the condition among children. Type 2 diabetes is not a common occurrence among school kids. In just over 20 years, incident rates among kids and teenagers have almost tripled.



1. The Causes Among Kids



Type 1 diabetes is described by the inability of the body to produce insulin. The condition was previously known as juvenile diabetes, since it is primarily found among young kids, although the problem is presently known to happen among adults too. Genetic factors can also influence the possibility of a child getting diabetes mellitus. A person with a close relative like a sibling or parent with diabetes is more likely to get the disease. Environmental factors can also be the cause of the rise of early symptoms.



2. Symptoms of Diabetes



Children with diabetes can present a number of symptoms, such as increase in thirst, headache, behavioural problems, sudden weight loss, fatigue, complaints about abdominal pain and frequent urination. The presence of ketoacidosis can also point out diabetes among kids. It is a very serious problem wherein acids, known as ketones are discovered in the urine, because of the utilization of the body of fats, instead of the usual carbohydrates.



3. On Insulin



A lot of kids dealing with diabetes require insulin. During the initial phases of diagnosis, these kids may also require small doses of fast acting and slow acting insulin, which boost with age. The advent of insulin pumps for administration has allowed several kids to add flexibility on a day-to-day basis. The time of administration, dosage and frequency of injections all rely on the child's age, blood glucose level and activity.



4. On Blood Sugar Levels



Balance blood sugar level to control diabetes, since low or high sugar levels can display health risks, particularly for kids who still belong in the growing phase. It is important that the child and the parent watch the blood sugar levels everyday and adjust the exercise, dosage and meals accordingly. The diabetic diet is quite similar to the food pyramid guide. However, patients need to consume less fats, especially fats that come from animals and sugars. They should also boost the intake of fruits, vegetables and fibres. Parents do not need to cook separate meals for the diabetic child, since the whole family can consume the diet. Skipping meals is not advised since you may experience dangerous effects.



5. Exercise and Drugs



Physical activity is vital aspect of diabetes, since it lowers blood glucose levels. Even though exercise is good, the sugar levels should also not go down too deep. Always consult your doctor about the exercise and diet program to suit the special needs of the child. For type 2 diabetes, there are medications that help adjust the body's resistance to insulin. Watch your carbohydrate and fat intake very closely.

The Therapeutic Management of Insulin and an Overview of Cushing's Syndrome

The management program for any child with diabetes mellitus should involve flexibility and 24 hour insulin coverage and should be able to fit into the child's life-style. The insulin treatment should be determined by the recognition that the effective duration of action of insulin in children may be somewhat different from that in adults. The effective action of insulin is described as the effect of a certain amount of insulin in lowering the blood glucose level over a period of time. Ideally the blood glucose level is maintained at less than 140mg.dL and n lower than 60mg/dL during the time of specific action of the insulin, based on past information regarding the duration of action of the intermediate-acting insulin is 24 hours or more, but in insulin-dependent children it does not appear to be the case. The duration of effective action for intermediate-acting insulin has been found to be 12 to 14 hours. Lente insulin is the longest acting of the intermediate-acting insulin, but it even lasts only for 14 to 16 hours.



In working with these insulin, it is wise to remember that lente insulin is 30% semilente and 70% ultralente. Lente insulin that mix with no other insulin other than regular derive their action from the size and number of crystals-small and numerous crystals= ultralente insulin. Pretamine zinc insulin (PZI) is seldom used today because of its very long duration of action and its very low tissue insulin levels, which may not saturate receptor sites on the cell membrane sufficiently well to effectively help the body utilize the glucose that may be present. The potential overlap of insulin action is unsuited for children, who are active one minute and very inactive the next. The balance that needs to be achieved between insulin, diet, and activity is most difficult when using this type of insulin. The intermediate-acting insulin (other than lente insulin) derive their delayed action from a protein tag. The most commonly used insulin are the intermediate-acting insulin, principally isophane, which are usually given in a single early morning dose combined with a small amount of short- acting insulin (usually regular).



Other types
This category includes secondary diabetes such as steroid-induced diabetes as well as primary diabetes associated with genetic syndromes, drugs or chemical-induced diabetes, and diabetes resulting from pancreatoctomy for hypoglycemia. Syndromes with insulin receptor abnormality are classified in this group.



Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
Formely called "asymptomatic diabetes" "subclinical diabetes", "borderline diabetes", or "latent diabetes". Biochemically intermediate between normal and diabetic glucose intolerance, it probably represents a stage in the development of insulin-dependent of noninsulin dependent. Because few of these individuals develop the full-blown disease, this classification tends to remove the stigma attached to the previous designations which affected the child's self concept as well as insurance and vocational efforts.



Stastistical risk classes
Individuals who do not have demonstrable impairment of glucose tolerance but who:
1. Had previous abnormality of glucose tolerance (formerly labeled "latent chemical diabetes" or "prediabetes") or spontaneous hyper-glycemia but who have normal glucose tolerance at the time of classification.
2. Have potential abnormality of glucose tolerance (previously termed "prediabetes" or "potential diabetes") and includes individuals presumed to be at risk for diabetes on genetic grounds and individuals who have circulating islet cell antibodies.



The most common endocrine disturbance in childhood, diabetes mellitus, caused by defective pancreatic hormone (insulin) secretion.



CUSHING'S SYNDROME



Classic clinical manifestation in children include progressive central obesity, marked failure of longitudinal growth, hirsutism, weakness, a nuchal fat pad (buffalo hump), acne, striae, hypertension and often hyperpigmentation (if ACTH is elevated). The etiology can be exogenous glucocorticoid administration or endogenous causes including adrenal adenoma, carcinoma, nodular adrenal hyperplasia, an ACTH-secreting pituitary microadenoma, resulting in bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, or a very rare ACTH-secreting tumor.



Spontaneous Cushing's Syndrome is rare in childhood. Latrogenic Cushing's syndrome is more common, produces similar clinical manifestations, and may be induced by the use of potent glucocorticoids for chronic inflammatory, neoplastic and collagen-vascular disorders and for suppression of the immune response.



Diabetes Insipidus
The cardiaral signs of this disease ate polyuria and polydipsia. Some patient may seek medical attention for nocturnal enuresis. Polyurea disturbs rest, sleep, play and even schooling, Appetite may be poor. Infants with diabetes insipidus may show hyperthermia, dehydration, electrolyte inbalance, asotemia, dehydration and potentially circulatory collapse. Other signs depend on the causative lesion and may include retardation, cachexia, obesity, sleep disturbance, precocious puberty, visual disturbances and emotional disorders.



Syndromes of endocrine system disorders
1. Syndrome of growth inhibition
2. syndrome of gigantism
3. syndrome of hyperfunction of endocrine gland
4. syndrome of hypofunction of endocrine gland
5. syndrome of hyperglycemia
6. syndrome of hypoglycemia
7. syndrome of mental retardation

Diabetes Diet Management - Self Help Aid

Diet alone is designed to provide the diabetic patient with calorie, support normal growth in young people with diabetes and bring the weight of the obese diabetic patient down to the correct level. A balanced diabetes diet with high fiber content and the food being digested and absorbed slowly is necessary for people with diabetes.



Highlighting diabetes diet further, foods that are being consumed by man contain one or more of the six classes of food which are; carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and water. Each of these food classes has vital role to play in the normal functioning of the body system. After thorough study of diabetes diet, some classes of food were found to be helpful while others can worsen a diabetic state.



Two vital symptoms implicated in diabetes are overweight and excess sugar. Based on this, it became apparent that for good diabetic diet, avoidance of certain food becomes necessary. It could also be the only requirement for prevention or control of diabetes. Any food that can make one become fat or one with high energy content should be excluded from diabetes diet.



A word of caution to everyone is this: In managing diabetes diet, bear in mind that high sugar foods are more concentrated in carbohydrates. High sugar foods are always tempting to eat, so it is recommended that you go for low sugar foods. That is diabetes diet for you.



Please don't deceive yourself by feeling free to consume so much food just because there is no taste of sugar. Your diabetes diet meal plan is designed in a way that the carbohydrate contents of your food remain as consistent as possible. Strict adherence to your diabetes diet aids in controlling diabetes.



Oral hypoglycemic Agents: They work by making the pancreases of a diabetic patient secrete more insulin thereby lowering the blood sugar level in the blood. Thus there should be residual pancreatic activity. Pancreatic activities include reduced hepatic release of glucose and increased sensitivity to insulin.
Side effects include fever, jaundice, photosensitivity, headaches.



Insulin: Insulin is a polypeptide hormone which is usually extracted from beef or pork pancreas and purified by crystallization. It can also be made biosynthetically by recombinant DNA technology. It is easily digested by the GIT enzyme hence its parenteral use. It may be given in the abdomen, arm and thigh with their absorption in that order. It could come as rapid onset short acting, intermediate acting or delayed onset long acting insulin. Patients requiring very large doses of insulin should receive two or more injections of soluble insulin daily.



Complications of insulin include unusually low level of blood sugar in the blood, a localized shrinkage and loss of fat under the skin, presence of microorganisms in tissue etc. Complications of diabetes requiring expert management include diabetic retinopathy (a disease of the retina), nephropathy (a disease or medical disorder of the kidney), diabetic foot etc.